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Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Mangosteen Garcinia mangostana Pericarp Extracts

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Jinnawat Manasathien and Piyanut Khanema

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This study was designed to evaluate the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidation,

antiproliferation and apoptotic properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp

ethanolic and water extracts (MPE/e and MPE/w) using human breast adenocarcinoma

cell line, MCF-7, as a model system. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used for TPC analysis

and DPPH as well FRAP were used for antioxidant capacity. Cell viability was evaluated

by Resazurin and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)

assays for 12 and 24 h. The study found that TPC of MPE/e was over than MPE/w (119.95

± 1.03 > 84.40 ± 0.29 μg GAE/mg, respectively). Consistently, the antioxidant capacity of

MPE/e was higher than MPE/w about 2 folds, which expressed via free radical scavenging,

IC50 of 1,199.85 ± 47.16 and 2,435.71 ± 273.74 μg/ml and FRAP, IC50 of 546.98 ± 26.12

and 1,088.70 ± 81.54 μg/ml. Moreover, only MPE/e expressed as a potential inhibitor on

the MCF-7 cells proliferation at dose- and time- dependent manner. MPE/e was strongly

positive influence on antiproliferation and apoptotic induction of MCF-7 cells as seen via

the morphological changes and oligonucleosomal DNA fragments. In conclusion, MPE/e

may be proposed to develop to cytotoxic agents or antitumor if it has been investigated

that effective and non-toxic to normal cells of animals and humans.

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Garcinia mangostana; antioxidant activity; antiproliferation; apoptosis